Date and time functions
Function | Description |
---|---|
DATE | Returns the serial number of a particular date |
DATEVALUE | Converts a date in the form of text to a serial number |
DAY | Converts a serial number to a day of the month |
DAYS360 | Calculates the number of days between two dates based on a 360-day year |
EDATE | Returns the serial number of the date that is the indicated number of months before or after the start date |
EOMONTH | Returns the serial number of the last day of the month before or after a specified number of months |
HOUR | Converts a serial number to an hour |
MINUTE | Converts a serial number to a minute |
MONTH | Converts a serial number to a month |
NETWORKDAYS | Returns the number of whole workdays between two dates |
NOW | Returns the serial number of the current date and time |
SECOND | Converts a serial number to a second |
TIME | Returns the serial number of a particular time |
TIMEVALUE | Converts a time in the form of text to a serial number |
TODAY | Returns the serial number of today's date |
WEEKDAY | Converts a serial number to a day of the week |
WEEKNUM | Converts a serial number to a number representing where the week falls numerically with a year |
WORKDAY | Returns the serial number of the date before or after a specified number of workdays |
YEAR | Converts a serial number to a year |
YEARFRAC | Returns the year fraction representing the number of whole days between start_date and end_date |
Logical functions
Function | Description |
---|---|
AND | Returns TRUE if all of its arguments are TRUE |
FALSE | Returns the logical value FALSE |
IF | Specifies a logical test to perform |
IFERROR | Returns a value you specify if a formula evaluates to an error; otherwise, returns the result of the formula |
NOT | Reverses the logic of its argument |
OR | Returns TRUE if any argument is TRUE |
TRUE | Returns the logical value TRUE |
Lookup and reference functions
Function | Description |
---|---|
ADDRESS | Returns a reference as text to a single cell in a worksheet |
AREAS | Returns the number of areas in a reference |
CHOOSE | Chooses a value from a list of values |
COLUMN | Returns the column number of a reference |
COLUMNS | Returns the number of columns in a reference |
HLOOKUP | Looks in the top row of an array and returns the value of the indicated cell |
HYPERLINK | Creates a shortcut or jump that opens a document stored on a network server, an intranet, or the Internet |
INDEX | Uses an index to choose a value from a reference or array |
INDIRECT | Returns a reference indicated by a text value |
LOOKUP | Looks up values in a vector or array |
MATCH | Looks up values in a reference or array |
OFFSET | Returns a reference offset from a given reference |
ROW | Returns the row number of a reference |
ROWS | Returns the number of rows in a reference |
RTD | Retrieves real-time data from a program that supports COM automation (Automation: A way to work with an application's objects from another application or development tool. Formerly called OLE Automation, Automation is an industry standard and a feature of the Component Object Model (COM).) |
TRANSPOSE | Returns the transpose of an array |
VLOOKUP | Looks in the first column of an array and moves across the row to return the value of a cell |
Math and trigonometry functions
Function | Description |
---|---|
ABS | Returns the absolute value of a number |
ACOS | Returns the arccosine of a number |
ACOSH | Returns the inverse hyperbolic cosine of a number |
ASIN | Returns the arcsine of a number |
ASINH | Returns the inverse hyperbolic sine of a number |
ATAN | Returns the arctangent of a number |
ATAN2 | Returns the arctangent from x- and y-coordinates |
ATANH | Returns the inverse hyperbolic tangent of a number |
CEILING | Rounds a number to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance |
COMBIN | Returns the number of combinations for a given number of objects |
COS | Returns the cosine of a number |
COSH | Returns the hyperbolic cosine of a number |
DEGREES | Converts radians to degrees |
EVEN | Rounds a number up to the nearest even integer |
EXP | Returns e raised to the power of a given number |
FACT | Returns the factorial of a number |
FACTDOUBLE | Returns the double factorial of a number |
FLOOR | Rounds a number down, toward zero |
GCD | Returns the greatest common divisor |
INT | Rounds a number down to the nearest integer |
LCM | Returns the least common multiple |
LN | Returns the natural logarithm of a number |
LOG | Returns the logarithm of a number to a specified base |
LOG10 | Returns the base-10 logarithm of a number |
MDETERM | Returns the matrix determinant of an array |
MINVERSE | Returns the matrix inverse of an array |
MMULT | Returns the matrix product of two arrays |
MOD | Returns the remainder from division |
MROUND | Returns a number rounded to the desired multiple |
MULTINOMIAL | Returns the multinomial of a set of numbers |
ODD | Rounds a number up to the nearest odd integer |
PI | Returns the value of pi |
POWER | Returns the result of a number raised to a power |
PRODUCT | Multiplies its arguments |
QUOTIENT | Returns the integer portion of a division |
RADIANS | Converts degrees to radians |
RAND | Returns a random number between 0 and 1 |
RANDBETWEEN | Returns a random number between the numbers you specify |
ROMAN | Converts an arabic numeral to roman, as text |
ROUND | Rounds a number to a specified number of digits |
ROUNDDOWN | Rounds a number down, toward zero |
ROUNDUP | Rounds a number up, away from zero |
SERIESSUM | Returns the sum of a power series based on the formula |
SIGN | Returns the sign of a number |
SIN | Returns the sine of the given angle |
SINH | Returns the hyperbolic sine of a number |
SQRT | Returns a positive square root |
SQRTPI | Returns the square root of (number * pi) |
SUBTOTAL | Returns a subtotal in a list or database |
SUM | Adds its arguments |
SUMIF | Adds the cells specified by a given criteria |
SUMIFS | Adds the cells in a range that meet multiple criteria |
SUMPRODUCT | Returns the sum of the products of corresponding array components |
SUMSQ | Returns the sum of the squares of the arguments |
SUMX2MY2 | Returns the sum of the difference of squares of corresponding values in two arrays |
SUMX2PY2 | Returns the sum of the sum of squares of corresponding values in two arrays |
SUMXMY2 | Returns the sum of squares of differences of corresponding values in two arrays |
TAN | Returns the tangent of a number |
TANH | Returns the hyperbolic tangent of a number |
TRUNC | Truncates a number to an integer |
Statistical functions
Function | Description |
---|---|
AVEDEV | Returns the average of the absolute deviations of data points from their mean |
AVERAGE | Returns the average of its arguments |
AVERAGEA | Returns the average of its arguments, including numbers, text, and logical values |
AVERAGEIF | Returns the average (arithmetic mean) of all the cells in a range that meet a given criteria |
AVERAGEIFS | Returns the average (arithmetic mean) of all cells that meet multiple criteria. |
BETADIST | Returns the beta cumulative distribution function |
BETAINV | Returns the inverse of the cumulative distribution function for a specified beta distribution |
BINOMDIST | Returns the individual term binomial distribution probability |
CHIDIST | Returns the one-tailed probability of the chi-squared distribution |
CHIINV | Returns the inverse of the one-tailed probability of the chi-squared distribution |
CHITEST | Returns the test for independence |
CONFIDENCE | Returns the confidence interval for a population mean |
CORREL | Returns the correlation coefficient between two data sets |
COUNT | Counts how many numbers are in the list of arguments |
COUNTA | Counts how many values are in the list of arguments |
COUNTBLANK | Counts the number of blank cells within a range |
COUNTIF | Counts the number of cells within a range that meet the given criteria |
COUNTIFS | Counts the number of cells within a range that meet multiple criteria |
COVAR | Returns covariance, the average of the products of paired deviations |
CRITBINOM | Returns the smallest value for which the cumulative binomial distribution is less than or equal to a criterion value |
DEVSQ | Returns the sum of squares of deviations |
EXPONDIST | Returns the exponential distribution |
FDIST | Returns the F probability distribution |
FINV | Returns the inverse of the F probability distribution |
FISHER | Returns the Fisher transformation |
FISHERINV | Returns the inverse of the Fisher transformation |
FORECAST | Returns a value along a linear trend |
FREQUENCY | Returns a frequency distribution as a vertical array |
FTEST | Returns the result of an F-test |
GAMMADIST | Returns the gamma distribution |
GAMMAINV | Returns the inverse of the gamma cumulative distribution |
GAMMALN | Returns the natural logarithm of the gamma function, Γ(x) |
GEOMEAN | Returns the geometric mean |
GROWTH | Returns values along an exponential trend |
HARMEAN | Returns the harmonic mean |
HYPGEOMDIST | Returns the hypergeometric distribution |
INTERCEPT | Returns the intercept of the linear regression line |
KURT | Returns the kurtosis of a data set |
LARGE | Returns the k-th largest value in a data set |
LINEST | Returns the parameters of a linear trend |
LOGEST | Returns the parameters of an exponential trend |
LOGINV | Returns the inverse of the lognormal distribution |
LOGNORMDIST | Returns the cumulative lognormal distribution |
MAX | Returns the maximum value in a list of arguments |
MAXA | Returns the maximum value in a list of arguments, including numbers, text, and logical values |
MEDIAN | Returns the median of the given numbers |
MIN | Returns the minimum value in a list of arguments |
MINA | Returns the smallest value in a list of arguments, including numbers, text, and logical values |
MODE | Returns the most common value in a data set |
NEGBINOMDIST | Returns the negative binomial distribution |
NORMDIST | Returns the normal cumulative distribution |
NORMINV | Returns the inverse of the normal cumulative distribution |
NORMSDIST | Returns the standard normal cumulative distribution |
NORMSINV | Returns the inverse of the standard normal cumulative distribution |
PEARSON | Returns the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient |
PERCENTILE | Returns the k-th percentile of values in a range |
PERCENTRANK | Returns the percentage rank of a value in a data set |
PERMUT | Returns the number of permutations for a given number of objects |
POISSON | Returns the Poisson distribution |
PROB | Returns the probability that values in a range are between two limits |
QUARTILE | Returns the quartile of a data set |
RANK | Returns the rank of a number in a list of numbers |
RSQ | Returns the square of the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient |
SKEW | Returns the skewness of a distribution |
SLOPE | Returns the slope of the linear regression line |
SMALL | Returns the k-th smallest value in a data set |
STANDARDIZE | Returns a normalized value |
STDEV | Estimates standard deviation based on a sample |
STDEVA | Estimates standard deviation based on a sample, including numbers, text, and logical values |
STDEVP | Calculates standard deviation based on the entire population |
STDEVPA | Calculates standard deviation based on the entire population, including numbers, text, and logical values |
STEYX | Returns the standard error of the predicted y-value for each x in the regression |
TDIST | Returns the Student's t-distribution |
TINV | Returns the inverse of the Student's t-distribution |
TREND | Returns values along a linear trend |
TRIMMEAN | Returns the mean of the interior of a data set |
TTEST | Returns the probability associated with a Student's t-test |
VAR | Estimates variance based on a sample |
VARA | Estimates variance based on a sample, including numbers, text, and logical values |
VARP | Calculates variance based on the entire population |
VARPA | Calculates variance based on the entire population, including numbers, text, and logical values |
WEIBULL | Returns the Weibull distribution |
ZTEST | Returns the one-tailed probability-value of a z-test |
Text functions
Function | Description |
---|---|
ASC | Changes full-width (double-byte) English letters or katakana within a character string to half-width (single-byte) characters |
BAHTTEXT | Converts a number to text, using the ß (baht) currency format |
CHAR | Returns the character specified by the code number |
CLEAN | Removes all nonprintable characters from text |
CODE | Returns a numeric code for the first character in a text string |
CONCATENATE | Joins several text items into one text item |
DOLLAR | Converts a number to text, using the $ (dollar) currency format |
EXACT | Checks to see if two text values are identical |
FIND, FINDB | Finds one text value within another (case-sensitive) |
FIXED | Formats a number as text with a fixed number of decimals |
JIS | Changes half-width (single-byte) English letters or katakana within a character string to full-width (double-byte) characters |
LEFT, LEFTB | Returns the leftmost characters from a text value |
LEN, LENB | Returns the number of characters in a text string |
LOWER | Converts text to lowercase |
MID, MIDB | Returns a specific number of characters from a text string starting at the position you specify |
PHONETIC | Extracts the phonetic (furigana) characters from a text string |
PROPER | Capitalizes the first letter in each word of a text value |
REPLACE, REPLACEB | Replaces characters within text |
REPT | Repeats text a given number of times |
RIGHT, RIGHTB | Returns the rightmost characters from a text value |
SEARCH, SEARCHB | Finds one text value within another (not case-sensitive) |
SUBSTITUTE | Substitutes new text for old text in a text string |
T | Converts its arguments to text |
TEXT | Formats a number and converts it to text |
TRIM | Removes spaces from text |
UPPER | Converts text to uppercase |
VALUE | Converts a text argument to a number |
Cube functions
Function | Description |
---|---|
CUBEKPIMEMBER | Returns a key performance indicator (KPI) name, property, and measure, and displays the name and property in the cell. A KPI is a quantifiable measurement, such as monthly gross profit or quarterly employee turnover, used to monitor an organization's performance. |
CUBEMEMBER | Returns a member or tuple in a cube hierarchy. Use to validate that the member or tuple exists in the cube. |
CUBEMEMBERPROPERTY | Returns the value of a member property in the cube. Use to validate that a member name exists within the cube and to return the specified property for this member. |
CUBERANKEDMEMBER | Returns the nth, or ranked, member in a set. Use to return one or more elements in a set, such as the top sales performer or top 10 students. |
CUBESET | Defines a calculated set of members or tuples by sending a set expression to the cube on the server, which creates the set, and then returns that set to Microsoft Office Excel. |
CUBESETCOUNT | Returns the number of items in a set. |
CUBEVALUE | Returns an aggregated value from a cube. |
Database functions
Function | Description |
---|---|
DAVERAGE | Returns the average of selected database entries |
DCOUNT | Counts the cells that contain numbers in a database |
DCOUNTA | Counts nonblank cells in a database |
DGET | Extracts from a database a single record that matches the specified criteria |
DMAX | Returns the maximum value from selected database entries |
DMIN | Returns the minimum value from selected database entries |
DPRODUCT | Multiplies the values in a particular field of records that match the criteria in a database |
DSTDEV | Estimates the standard deviation based on a sample of selected database entries |
DSTDEVP | Calculates the standard deviation based on the entire population of selected database entries |
DSUM | Adds the numbers in the field column of records in the database that match the criteria |
DVAR | Estimates variance based on a sample from selected database entries |
DVARP | Calculates variance based on the entire population of selected database entries |
Engineering functions
Function | Description |
---|---|
BESSELI | Returns the modified Bessel function In(x) |
BESSELJ | Returns the Bessel function Jn(x) |
BESSELK | Returns the modified Bessel function Kn(x) |
BESSELY | Returns the Bessel function Yn(x) |
BIN2DEC | Converts a binary number to decimal |
BIN2HEX | Converts a binary number to hexadecimal |
BIN2OCT | Converts a binary number to octal |
COMPLEX | Converts real and imaginary coefficients into a complex number |
CONVERT | Converts a number from one measurement system to another |
DEC2BIN | Converts a decimal number to binary |
DEC2HEX | Converts a decimal number to hexadecimal |
DEC2OCT | Converts a decimal number to octal |
DELTA | Tests whether two values are equal |
ERF | Returns the error function |
ERFC | Returns the complementary error function |
GESTEP | Tests whether a number is greater than a threshold value |
HEX2BIN | Converts a hexadecimal number to binary |
HEX2DEC | Converts a hexadecimal number to decimal |
HEX2OCT | Converts a hexadecimal number to octal |
IMABS | Returns the absolute value (modulus) of a complex number |
IMAGINARY | Returns the imaginary coefficient of a complex number |
IMARGUMENT | Returns the argument theta, an angle expressed in radians |
IMCONJUGATE | Returns the complex conjugate of a complex number |
IMCOS | Returns the cosine of a complex number |
IMDIV | Returns the quotient of two complex numbers |
IMEXP | Returns the exponential of a complex number |
IMLN | Returns the natural logarithm of a complex number |
IMLOG10 | Returns the base-10 logarithm of a complex number |
IMLOG2 | Returns the base-2 logarithm of a complex number |
IMPOWER | Returns a complex number raised to an integer power |
IMPRODUCT | Returns the product of complex numbers |
IMREAL | Returns the real coefficient of a complex number |
IMSIN | Returns the sine of a complex number |
IMSQRT | Returns the square root of a complex number |
IMSUB | Returns the difference between two complex numbers |
IMSUM | Returns the sum of complex numbers |
OCT2BIN | Converts an octal number to binary |
OCT2DEC | Converts an octal number to decimal |
OCT2HEX | Converts an octal number to hexadecimal |
Financial functions
Function | Description |
---|---|
ACCRINT | Returns the accrued interest for a security that pays periodic interest |
ACCRINTM | Returns the accrued interest for a security that pays interest at maturity |
AMORDEGRC | Returns the depreciation for each accounting period by using a depreciation coefficient |
AMORLINC | Returns the depreciation for each accounting period |
COUPDAYBS | Returns the number of days from the beginning of the coupon period to the settlement date |
COUPDAYS | Returns the number of days in the coupon period that contains the settlement date |
COUPDAYSNC | Returns the number of days from the settlement date to the next coupon date |
COUPNCD | Returns the next coupon date after the settlement date |
COUPNUM | Returns the number of coupons payable between the settlement date and maturity date |
COUPPCD | Returns the previous coupon date before the settlement date |
CUMIPMT | Returns the cumulative interest paid between two periods |
CUMPRINC | Returns the cumulative principal paid on a loan between two periods |
DB | Returns the depreciation of an asset for a specified period by using the fixed-declining balance method |
DDB | Returns the depreciation of an asset for a specified period by using the double-declining balance method or some other method that you specify |
DISC | Returns the discount rate for a security |
DOLLARDE | Converts a dollar price, expressed as a fraction, into a dollar price, expressed as a decimal number |
DOLLARFR | Converts a dollar price, expressed as a decimal number, into a dollar price, expressed as a fraction |
DURATION | Returns the annual duration of a security with periodic interest payments |
EFFECT | Returns the effective annual interest rate |
FV | Returns the future value of an investment |
FVSCHEDULE | Returns the future value of an initial principal after applying a series of compound interest rates |
INTRATE | Returns the interest rate for a fully invested security |
IPMT | Returns the interest payment for an investment for a given period |
IRR | Returns the internal rate of return for a series of cash flows |
ISPMT | Calculates the interest paid during a specific period of an investment |
MDURATION | Returns the Macauley modified duration for a security with an assumed par value of $100 |
MIRR | Returns the internal rate of return where positive and negative cash flows are financed at different rates |
NOMINAL | Returns the annual nominal interest rate |
NPER | Returns the number of periods for an investment |
NPV | Returns the net present value of an investment based on a series of periodic cash flows and a discount rate |
ODDFPRICE | Returns the price per $100 face value of a security with an odd first period |
ODDFYIELD | Returns the yield of a security with an odd first period |
ODDLPRICE | Returns the price per $100 face value of a security with an odd last period |
ODDLYIELD | Returns the yield of a security with an odd last period |
PMT | Returns the periodic payment for an annuity |
PPMT | Returns the payment on the principal for an investment for a given period |
PRICE | Returns the price per $100 face value of a security that pays periodic interest |
PRICEDISC | Returns the price per $100 face value of a discounted security |
PRICEMAT | Returns the price per $100 face value of a security that pays interest at maturity |
PV | Returns the present value of an investment |
RATE | Returns the interest rate per period of an annuity |
RECEIVED | Returns the amount received at maturity for a fully invested security |
SLN | Returns the straight-line depreciation of an asset for one period |
SYD | Returns the sum-of-years' digits depreciation of an asset for a specified period |
TBILLEQ | Returns the bond-equivalent yield for a Treasury bill |
TBILLPRICE | Returns the price per $100 face value for a Treasury bill |
TBILLYIELD | Returns the yield for a Treasury bill |
VDB | Returns the depreciation of an asset for a specified or partial period by using a declining balance method |
XIRR | Returns the internal rate of return for a schedule of cash flows that is not necessarily periodic |
XNPV | Returns the net present value for a schedule of cash flows that is not necessarily periodic |
YIELD | Returns the yield on a security that pays periodic interest |
YIELDDISC | Returns the annual yield for a discounted security; for example, a Treasury bill |
YIELDMAT | Returns the annual yield of a security that pays interest at maturity |
Information functions
Function | Description |
---|---|
CELL | Returns information about the formatting, location, or contents of a cell |
ERROR.TYPE | Returns a number corresponding to an error type |
INFO | Returns information about the current operating environment |
ISBLANK | Returns TRUE if the value is blank |
ISERR | Returns TRUE if the value is any error value except #N/A |
ISERROR | Returns TRUE if the value is any error value |
ISEVEN | Returns TRUE if the number is even |
ISLOGICAL | Returns TRUE if the value is a logical value |
ISNA | Returns TRUE if the value is the #N/A error value |
ISNONTEXT | Returns TRUE if the value is not text |
ISNUMBER | Returns TRUE if the value is a number |
ISODD | Returns TRUE if the number is odd |
ISREF | Returns TRUE if the value is a reference |
ISTEXT | Returns TRUE if the value is text |
N | Returns a value converted to a number |
NA | Returns the error value #N/A |
TYPE | Returns a number indicating the data type of a value |
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